In developing countries where agriculture sustains rural livelihoods, advancing sustainable development and poverty reduction requires a better understanding of the drivers of agricultural productivity growth to promote inclusive growth and strengthen food security. This paper investigates the main constraints to agricultural productivity growth in Burkina Faso and analyses convergence dynamics across its provinces. Using a meta-frontier Färe–Primont index based on data envelopment analysis and panel data from 45 provinces (2009–2021), the results reveal that in the most technologically advanced agricultural zone, comprising the most efficient provinces, technological advantages are underutilised due to low technical efficiency. In contrast, the other major agricultural zones rely primarily on higher technical efficiency despite lagging in technological progress. Moreover, although evide...

Cet article analyse la réforme de la politique minière sous le prisme des instruments d’action publique, à partir d’une comparaison entre deux régimes politiques au Burkina Faso. Il s’appuie sur des données issues d’entretiens semi-structurés réalisés entre 2022 et 2023 et d’une recherche documentaire. Les résultats montrent que les choix des instruments d’action publique pour la réforme de la politique minière résultent de facteurs idéels et pragmatiques propres aux régimes politiques. L’article apporte une double contribution à la littérature sur les politiques publiques et sur les régimes politiques. D’une part, il analyse les régimes de transition à travers une politique économique alors que la littérature se focalise sur les réformes politiques. De l’autre, il met en relation la littérature sur l’instrumentation et la sociologie des régimes politiques.

This study evaluates the potential of a natural clay from N’Djamena (Chad) for removing Pb²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions under static conditions. The adsorption performance was interpreted using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Mineralogical characterization classified the raw material as a clay soil, predominantly composed of kaolinite (49.3%), with contributions from goethite (15.8%), quartz (18.1%), vermiculite (1.5%), and k-feldspar* (15.4%). The clay is primarily composed of silica (40.46%), alumina (23.84 %), and iron oxide (14.44%). Its specific surface area is 86.82 m²/g. It has a cation exchange capacity of 46 meq/100 g and a swelling index of 2.71 cm³/g. Optimal lead removal was achieved under the following conditions: 25 mL of solution per reactor; a clay-solute contact time of 90 minutes; an initial Pb²⁺ concentration of 20 μg/L; and a pH of 7. The adsorption o...

This study analyses the impact of digital finance services on women’s economic empowerment in Burkina Faso using data from a sample of 9001 females, extracted from the Living Standard survey of The World Bank. We used the instrumental variable regression method to conduct the estimation, and the results indicate that digital finance improves women’s empower ment through increases in the likelihood of labour market partici pation. Results suggest that policies which promote digital finance should also consider women’s inclusion in the utilisation of these services. Building partnerships between mobile phone structures and financial institutions could provide customised products and services to women’s socio-economic conditions.

En utilisant les données de l'Enquête harmonisée sur les conditions de vie des ménages (EHCVM), cet article quantifie l'incidence et l'intensité de la pauvreté énergétique au Burkina Faso et son effet sur la participation des femmes au marché du travail dans un cadre multidimensionnel. Les résultats indiquent que plus de 80 % des ménages vivent dans la pauvreté énergétique multidimensionnelle. Le combustible et l'électricité sont les indicateurs qui contribuent plus à la pauvreté énergétique multidimensionnelle des ménages. Nos résultats soulignent aussi que la pauvreté énergétique affecte négativement la participation des femmes au marché du travail. L’accès des ménages à l'énergie moderne est susceptible de réduire les inégalités entre les sexes en favorisant la participation des femmes au marché du travail.

This paper proposes an innovative approach to solving fuzzy multiobjective linear optimization problems by combining the embedding theorem and an optimal transformation technique. The objective func- tions and fuzzy constraints are first embedded in a Banach space, where they are represented as parametric biobjective vectors. The application of a Riemann integral operator then allows them to be transformed into a de- terministic and non-parametric form. Appropriate weights are introduced in order to limit compensatory effects and to ensure a non-empty admissible domain, leading to a weighted deterministic multiobjective problem of the same dimension. This problem is then aggregated into a single-objective nonlinear model, solvable by classical methods. The proposed transformations ensure the equivalence of the models and the preservation of Pareto op- timality. The numerical resu...

Striga hermonthica is widespread in several regions of Burkina Faso. It attacks crops of agronomic interest, causing losses ranging from 20 to 100% of grain yield in sorghum varieties. This study carried out at the weed science laboratory from October 2022 to February 2023 aims to identify sorghum varieties resistant to Striga hermonthica and local plants that inhibit or stimulate its germination. Fifteen varieties of sorghum has been evaluated for their germination stimulant capacity production using the agar gel method. The roots of two seedlings of each variety were buried in the opposite position in the agar medium containing Striga seeds. The effect of nine local plants on Striga hermonthica seeds germination has been evaluated by preparing 10% aqueous extract for each plant by macerating a mass of 10 g of powder in 100 ml of sterile distilled water. The inhibitory effect w...

IoT systems have become very popular in recent years and are present in all areas. They collect and process data that is often sensitive and confidential, making them targets for increasingly sophisticated and frequent attacks. In the field of IoT cybersecurity, Federated Learning and Blockchain Technology are showing promising results. In this paper, we propose an innovative hybrid approach that combines the advantages of multimodal personalised federated learning and blockchain technology to dynamically adapt the model to local resource constraints and secure the learning process, while taking into account the heterogeneity of the domain. This approachs tands out for outperforming conventional federated models in its ability to adapt to the heterogeneous resources of IoT devices while guaranteeing effective and reliable detection of cyberattacks on IoT systems. A proof of concept with...

Medicinal insects represent a valuable and still largely underexplored source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential for human health. Traditionally used in various cultural pharmacopeias, these insects are now drawing an increasing interest in pharmacological and biomedical research communities. Most medicinal insects belong to the orders Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, Blattoptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera. This review highlights key insect species with therapeutic relevance, exploring their roles in traditional medicine, the bioactive compounds they produce, and their emerging applications in modern healthcare, starting with a focus on Africa continent and expanding to a global perspective. Recent pharmacological advances have enabled the isolation of compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and immunomodulatory effects, providing promising avenues for dru...

Cet article analyse l’effet de l’autonomisation des femmes sur la sécurité alimentaire de leurs ménages au Burkina Faso en interrogeant le rôle du facteur temps. Des données primaires, collectées sur un échantillon aléatoire et stratifié de 227 ménages, ont été utilisées. À partir de l’approche par les capabilités, des scores dans les cinq domaines d’autonomisation de l’indice abrégé d’autonomisation des femmes en agriculture et des scores de diversité alimentaire des ménages ont été calculés. Un modèle d’équations structurelles et un modèle à processus-mixte conditionnel soutiennent la conclusion selon laquelle les ménages dans lesquels les femmes sont autonomisées et moins pauvres en temps sont en sécurité alimentaire. Il serait donc indiqué d’investir dans des programmes d’autonomisation et d’accroissement de la disponibilité en temps des femmes afin d’améliorer l’état alimentaire des...